Renaissance
- Francis Bacon (1561–1626) Scientific method. However, see also
Culture Wars: - Galileo Galilei (1564–1642) (WOH) Physics, Astronomy (see also The Galileo ‘twist’ and The Galileo affair: history or heroic hagiography?
- Johann Kepler (1571–1630) (WOH) Scientific astronomy
- Athanasius Kircher (1601–1680) Inventor
- John Wilkins (1614–1672)
- Walter Charleton (1619–1707) President of the Royal College of Physicians
- Blaise Pascal (biography page) and article from Creation magazine (1623–1662) Hydrostatics; Barometer
- Sir William Petty (1623 –1687) Statistics; Scientific economics
- Robert Boyle (1627–1691) (WOH) Chemistry; Gas dynamics
- John Ray (1627–1705) Natural history
- Isaac Barrow (1630–1677) Professor of Mathematics
- Nicolas Steno (1631–1686) Stratigraphy
- Thomas Burnet (1635–1715) Geology
- Increase Mather (1639–1723) Astronomy
- Nehemiah Grew (1641–1712) Medical Doctor, Botany
The Age of Newton
- Isaac Newton (1642–1727) (WOH) Dynamics; Calculus; Gravitation law; Reflecting telescope; Spectrum of light (wrote more about the Bible than science, and emphatically affirmed a Creator. Some have accused him of Arianism, but it’s likely he held to a heterodox form of the Trinity—See Pfizenmaier, T.C., Was Isaac Newton an Arian? Journal of the History of Ideas68(1):57–80, 1997)
- Gottfried Wilhelm Leibnitz (1646–1716) Mathematician, co-inventor of calculus
- John Flamsteed (1646–1719) Greenwich Observatory Founder; Astronomy
- William Derham (1657–1735) Ecology
- Cotton Mather (1662–1727) Physician
- John Harris (1666–1719) Mathematician
- John Woodward (1665–1728) Paleontology
- William Whiston (1667–1752) Physics, Geology
- John Hutchinson (1674–1737) Paleontology
- Jonathan Edwards (1703–1758) Best known as a leading theologian, but also Physics, Meteorology, Immunology
- Carolus Linnaeus (1707–1778) Taxonomy; Biological classification system
- Jean Deluc (1727–1817) Geology
- Richard Kirwan (1733–1812) Mineralogy
- William Herschel (1738–1822) Galactic astronomy; Uranus (probably believed in an old-earth)
- James Parkinson (1755–1824) Physician (old-earth compromiser*)
- John Dalton (1766–1844) Atomic theory; Gas law
- John Kidd, M.D. (1775–1851) Chemical synthetics (old-earth compromiser*)
Just Before Darwin
- The 19th Century Scriptural Geologists, by Dr Terry Mortenson
- Timothy Dwight (1752–1817) Educator
- William Kirby (1759–1850) Entomologist
- Jedidiah Morse (1761–1826) Geographer
- Benjamin Barton (1766–1815) Botanist; Zoologist
- John Dalton (1766–1844) Father of the Modern Atomic Theory; Chemistry
- Georges Cuvier (1769–1832) Comparative anatomy, paleontology (old-earth compromiser*)
- Samuel Miller (1770–1840) Clergy
- Charles Bell (1774–1842) Anatomist
- John Kidd (1775–1851) Chemistry
- Humphrey Davy (1778–1829) Thermokinetics; Safety lamp
- Benjamin Silliman (1779–1864) Mineralogist (old-earth compromiser*)
- Peter Mark Roget (1779–1869) Physician; Physiologist
- Thomas Chalmers (1780–1847) Professor (old-earth compromiser* who invented the gap theory)
- David Brewster (1781–1868) Optical mineralogy, Kaleidoscope (probably believed in an old-earth)
- William Buckland (1784–1856) Geologist (old-earth compromiser*)
- William Prout (1785–1850) Food chemistry (probably believed in an old-earth)
- Adam Sedgwick (1785–1873) Geology (old-earth compromiser*)
- Michael Faraday (1791–1867) (WOH) Electromagnetism; Field theory, Generator
- Samuel F.B. Morse (1791–1872) Telegraph
- John Herschel (1792–1871) Astronomy (old-earth compromiser*)
- Edward Hitchcock (1793–1864) Geology (old-earth compromiser*)
- William Whewell (1794–1866) Anemometer (old-earth compromiser*)
- Joseph Henry (1797–1878) Electric motor; Galvanometer
Just After Darwin
- Richard Owen (1804–1892) Zoology; Paleontology (old-earth compromiser*)
- Matthew Maury (1806–1873) Oceanography, Hydrography (probably believed in an old-earth*)
- Louis Agassiz (1807–1873) Glaciology, Ichthyology (old-earth compromiser, polygenist*)
- Henry Rogers (1808–1866) Geology
- James Glaisher (1809–1903) Meteorology
- Philip H. Gosse (1810–1888) Ornithologist; Zoology
- Sir Henry Rawlinson (1810–1895) Archaeologist
- James Simpson (1811–1870) Gynecology, Anesthesiology
- James Dana (1813–1895) Geology (old-earth compromiser*)
- Sir Joseph Henry Gilbert (1817–1901) Agricultural Chemist
- James Joule (1818–1889) Thermodynamics
- Thomas Anderson (1819–1874) Chemist
- Charles Piazzi Smyth (1819–1900) Astronomy
- George Stokes (1819–1903) Fluid Mechanics
- John William Dawson (1820–1899) Geology (probably believed in an old-earth*)
- Rudolph Virchow (1821–1902) Pathology
- Gregor Mendel (1822–1884) (WOH) Genetics
- Louis Pasteur (1822–1895) (WOH) Chemical chirality, Bacteriology, Biochemistry; Sterilization; Immunization
- Henri Fabre (1823–1915) Entomology of living insects
- William Thompson, Lord Kelvin (1824–1907) Energetics; Absolute temperatures; Atlantic cable (believed in an older earth than the Bible indicates, but far younger than the evolutionists wanted*)
- William Huggins (1824–1910) Astral spectrometry
- Bernhard Riemann (1826–1866) Non-Euclidean geometries
- Joseph Lister (1827–1912) Antiseptic surgery
- Balfour Stewart (1828–1887) Ionospheric electricity
- James Clerk Maxwell (1831–1879) (WOH) Electrodynamics; Statistical thermodynamics
- P.G. Tait (1831–1901) Vector analysis
- John Bell Pettigrew (1834–1908) Anatomist; Physiologist
- John Strutt, Lord Rayleigh (1842–1919) Similitude; Model Analysis; Inert Gases
- Sir William Abney (1843–1920) Astronomy
- Alexander MacAlister (1844–1919) Anatomy
- A.H. Sayce (1845–1933) Archaeologist
- John Ambrose Fleming (1849–1945) Electronics; Electron tube; Thermionic valve
The Modern Period
- Dr Clifford Burdick, Geologist (1919–2005)
- George Washington Carver (1864–1943) Inventor
- L. Merson Davies (1890–1960) Geology; Paleontology
- Douglas Dewar (1875–1957) Ornithologist
- Howard A. Kelly (1858–1943) Gynecology
- Paul Lemoine (1878–1940) Geology
- Dr Frank Marsh, Biology (1899–1992)
- Dr John Mann, Agriculturist, biological control pioneer
- Edward H. Maunder (1851–1928) Astronomy
- William Mitchell Ramsay (1851–1939) Archaeologist
- William Ramsay (1852–1916) Isotopic chemistry, Element transmutation
- Charles Stine (1882–1954) Organic Chemist
- Dr Arthur Rendle-Short (1885–1955) Surgeon
- Sir Cecil P. G. Wakeley (1892–1979) Surgeon
- Dr Larry Butler, Biochemist
- Prof. Verna Wright, Rheumatologist (1928–1998)
- Arthur E. Wilder-Smith (1915–1995) Three science doctorates; a creation science pioneer